• In Civics and Citizenship, students build upon their understanding of the concepts of the Westminster system and democracy. They examine the key features of Australia's democracy and how it is shaped through the Australian Constitution and constitutional change. The concepts of justice, rights, and responsibilities are further developed through a focus on Australia's legal system, enabling students to deepen their understanding of the foundations of our society.

• In Economics and Business, students explore the concepts of making choices and allocation. They investigate the interdependence of consumers and producers in the market and learn about the characteristics of successful businesses, including how specialization and entrepreneurial behavior contribute to business success. Students also begin to explore work and work futures, contemplating the reasons why people work. National issues are emphasized, while opportunities are provided to consider these concepts in relation to local community or global issues where appropriate.

• In Geography, students develop an understanding of the concepts of place, space, environment, interconnection, sustainability, and change. These concepts serve as a framework for their inquiry into the nature of water as a natural resource. Students expand their understanding of the concept of place by investigating the liveability of their own community and applying this understanding to a wide range of places and environments at various scales, from local to global.

• In History, students delve into key historical concepts such as evidence, continuity and change, cause and effect, perspectives, empathy, significance, and contestability. They explore these concepts within the context of understanding how we know about the ancient past and why and where the earliest societies developed. By examining different historical perspectives, students develop a deeper appreciation for the complexities and nuances of history.